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J/ApJ/692/L9  Tidal evolution of transiting extrasolar planets  (Levrard+, 2009)
Falling transiting extrasolar giant planets.
    Levrard B., Winisdoerffer C., Chabrier G.
   <Astrophys. J., 692, L9-L13 (2009)>
   =2009ApJ...692L...9L
ADC_Keywords: Planets ; Models, evolutionary ; Stars, masses ;
              Rotational velocities ; Stars, double and multiple
Keywords: celestial mechanics - planetary systems: formation - planetary
          systems: protoplanetary disks

Abstract:
    We revisit the tidal stability of extrasolar systems harboring a
    transiting planet and demonstrate that, independently of any tidal
    model, none, but one (HAT-P-2b) of these planets has a tidal
    equilibrium state, which implies ultimately a collision of these
    objects with their host star. Consequently, conventional
    circularization and synchronization timescales cannot be defined
    because the corresponding states do not represent the endpoint of the
    tidal evolution. Using numerical simulations of the coupled tidal
    equations for the spin and orbital parameters of each transiting
    planetary system, we confirm these predictions and show that the
    orbital eccentricity and the stellar obliquity do not follow the
    usually assumed exponential relaxation but instead decrease
    significantly, eventually reaching a zero value only during the final
    runaway merging of the planet with the star. The only characteristic
    evolution timescale of all rotational and orbital parameters is the
    lifetime of the system, which crucially depends on the magnitude of
    tidal dissipation within the star. These results imply that the nearly
    circular orbits of transiting planets and the alignment between the
    stellar spin axis and the planetary orbit are unlikely to be due to
    tidal dissipation. Other dissipative mechanisms, for instance
    interactions with the protoplanetary disk, must be invoked to explain
    these properties.

File Summary:

       FileName      Lrecl  Records   Explanations

ReadMe            80        .   This file
table1.dat       152       25   Values and uncertainties of parameters relevant
                            to tidal evolution of transiting planetary systems


See also:
  J/A+A/510/A107   : TrES-2b multi-band transit observations (Mislis+, 2010)
  J/MNRAS/408/1494 : Planetary transits of TrES-2 and TrES-3 (Colon+, 2010)
  J/MNRAS/408/1680 : Transiting planetary system WASP-2 (Southworth+, 2010)
  J/A+A/500/L45    : Observations of transits of the TrES-2 exoplanet (Mislis+,
                     2009)
  J/A+A/508/1011   : Planetary transit of TrES-1 and TrES-2 (Rabus+, 2009)
  J/A+A/503/601    : HD 17156 transit photometry + radial velocities (Barbieri+,
                     2009)
  J/AJ/136/267     : Six occultations of the exoplanet TrES-3 (Winn+, 2008)
  J/ApJ/675/1531   : Transits of super-Neptune HD 149026b (Winn+, 2008)
  J/A+A/475/1125   : Characterization of the hot Neptune GJ 436b (Demory+, 2007)
  J/ApJ/657/1098   : Transit of TrES-1 (Winn+, 2007)
  J/ApJ/664/1185   : Three transits of the exoplanet TrES-2 (Holman+, 2007)
  J/AJ/133/1828    : Transit light curves of HD 189733 (Winn+, 2007)
  J/ApJ/655/1103   : Five transits of the exoplanet OGLE-TR-10b (Holman+, 2007)
  J/A+A/466/743    : Transiting planet OGLE-TR-132b (Gillon+, 2007)
  J/ApJ/649/1043   : Transiting extrasolar planet HD 209458b (Richardson+, 2006)
  J/A+A/424/L31    : Transiting exoplanet OGLE-TR-132b (Moutou+, 2004)
  J/ApJ/582/1123   : Search for transiting extrasolar planets (Mallen-Ornelas+,
                     2003)
  J/A+A/392/215    : The CORALIE survey for extrasolar planets. IX. (Santos+,
                     2002)


Byte-by-byte Description of file: table1.dat

   Bytes Format Units   Label    Explanations

   1- 11  A11   ---     Name     Planetary system name
  13- 17  F5.3  Mjup    Mp       Planetary mass in Jupiter masses
  19- 23  F5.3  Mjup    e_Mp     Uncertainty in Mp
  25- 27  A3    ---     r_Mp     Source(s) of Mp and e_Mp (1)
  29- 33  F5.3  ---     Rp       Planetary radius in Jupiter radii
  35- 39  F5.3  ---     RpMin    Lower limit value in Rp
  41- 45  F5.3  ---     RpMax    Upper limit value in Rp
  47- 49  A3    ---     r_Rp     Source(s) of Rp and Limit value in Rp (1)
  51- 61  F11.8 d       Torb     Orbital period
  63- 65  A3    ---     r_Torb   Source(s) of Torb (1)
  67- 73  F7.5  AU      a        Separation
  75- 82  F8.6  AU      e_a      Uncertainty in a
  84- 88  A5    ---     r_a      Source(s) of a and e_a (1)
  90- 94  F5.3  Msun    Mstar    Stellar mass
  96-100  F5.3  Msun    e_Mstar  Uncertainty in Mstar
 102-104  A3    ---     r_Mstar  Source(s) of Mstar and e_Mstar (1)
 106-110  F5.3  Rsun    Rstar    Stellar radius
 112-116  F5.3  Rsun    e_Rstar  Uncertainty in Rstar
 118-122  A5    ---     r_Rstar  Source(s) of Rstar and e_Rstar (1)
     124  A1    ---     l_vsini  Limit flag on vsini
 125-129  F5.2  km/s    vsini    Projected stellar rotation velocity (2)
 131-134  F4.2  km/s    e_vsini  ? Uncertainty in vsini
 136-138  A3    ---     r_vsini  Source(s) of vsini and e_vsini (1)
 140-144  F5.3  ---     e        ? Orbital eccentricity
 146-150  F5.3  ---     e_e      ? Uncertainty in e
     152  A1    ---     r_e      Source of e and e_e (1)

Note (1): References as follows:
    a = http://exoplanet.eu/catalog-transit.php;
    b = http://www.inscience.ch/transits/;
    c = Fischer et al. (2007ApJ...669.1336F);
    d = Barbieri et al. (2007A&A...476L..13B);
    e = Loeillet et al. (2008A&A...481..529L);
    f = Sato et al. (2005ApJ...633..465S);
    g = Winn et al. (2008, Cat. J/ApJ/675/1531);
    h = Gaudi & Winn (2007ApJ...655..550G);
    i = Pont et al. (2007A&A...465.1069P);
    j = Laughlin et al. (2005ApJ...629L.121L);
    k = Demory et al. (2007, Cat. J/A+A/475/1125);
    l = Alonso et al. (2004ApJ...613L.153A);
    m = O'Donovan et al. (2006ApJ...651L..61O);
    n = Laughlin et al. (2005ApJ...621.1072L);
    p = O'Donovan et al. (2007ApJ...663L..37O);
    q = Mandushev et al. (2007ApJ...667L.195M);
    r = McCullough et al. (2006ApJ...648.1228M);
    s = Bakos et al. (2007ApJ...656..552B);
    t = Torres et al. (2007ApJ...666L.121T);
    u = Kovacs et al. (2007ApJ...670L..41K);
    v = Bakos et al. (2007ApJ...671L.173B);
    w = Noyes et al. (2008ApJ...673L..79N);
    x = Stempels et al. (2007MNRAS.379..773S);
    y = Cameron et al. (2007MNRAS.375..951C);
    z = Pollacco et al. (2008MNRAS.385.1576P);
    A = Melo et al. (2006A&A...460..251M);
    B = Konacki et al. (2005ApJ...624..372K);
    C = Pont et al. (2004A&A...426L..15P);
    D = Bouchy et al. (2004A&A...421L..13B);
    E = Pont, F., pers. comm.
    * = estimated via Kepler's law;
   ** = based on the average of Loeillet et al. (2008A&A...481..529L), Bakos et
        al. (2007ApJ...670..826B) and Winn et al. (2007ApJ...665L.167W);
  *** = estimated via chromospheric activity (≃45 days by Demory et al.
        2007, Cat. J/A+A/475/1125).
Note (2): The stellar rotation velocity is determined from available data
     on star chromospheric activity and/or from the value of the projected
     velocity vsin(i)star, obtained from Doppler spectroscopic
     measurements, where istar is the angle between the stellar rotation
     axis and the line-of-sight, that we assumed to be close to 90°.


History:
    From electronic version of the journal
(End)                 Greg Schwarz [AAS], Emmanuelle Perret [CDS]    25-Feb-2011